|
Syrian–Lebanese Communist Party ((アラビア語:الحزب الشيوعي السوري اللبناني), ''Al-Ḥizb Al-Shuyū'ī Al-Sūrī Al-Lubnānī''; French: ''Parti communiste de la Syrie et du Liban''), a communist political party operating in Syria and Lebanon founded in 1924 by the Lebanese Egyptian Fu'ad al-Shimali, the Lebanese Yusuf Yazbek and the Armenian Artin Madoyan.〔Claude Palazzoli, La Syrie - Le rêve et la rupture, Paris, Le Sycomore, 1977 ISBN 2-86262-002-5〕 Its general secretary was Khalid Bakdash. It was the second communist party to be formed in the Levant, after the Communist Party of Palestine, but it was the first to be largely Arab, as the Palestinian party initially drew largely from the Jewish community.〔Ismael, Tareq. The Communist Movement in Syria and Lebanon. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 1998. Print. 21.〕 In its earliest years, the party supported the Syrian Revolt of 1925, but was quickly repressed, and could only begin building in earnest after party leaders were released from prison in 1928. The party was represented at the 6th Congress of the Communist International in 1928 by Fu'ad al-Shimali. It was also in 1928 that the party, despite operating in what is now both Syria and Lebanon, adopted the name "Communist Party of Syria ("Al-Hizb Al-Shiouy'ie al-Suri"), reflecting its commitment to Syrian unity and rejection of the division of the historic region under colonial mandates.〔Ismael, Tareq. The Communist Movement in Syria and Lebanon. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 1998. Print. 15.〕 However, it later reverted to its original name. Under the French Mandate it was an underground organization, then legalized in 1936–1939 by the French Front Populaire government, and again in 1941. The party took a new option of collaboration with the nationalist movement and playing down its socialist themes in 1936, in accordance with the 7th Congress of the Communist International in 1935.〔 Later the party was divided into the Syrian Communist Party and the Lebanese Communist Party, but the decision, taken at the end of 1943, was only implemented in 1964. In between, common central committee and political bureau were maintained.〔 ==Sources== 〔 *Ismael, Tareq Y., and Jacqueline S. Ismael. ''The Communist Movement in Syria & Lebanon''. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1998. (ISBN 0813016312) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Syrian–Lebanese Communist Party」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|